Communication Channels and Family Planning Outcomes in Nigeria: A Review of Existing Evidence
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Abstract
This study synthesised existing evidence on communication channels and family planning outcomes in Nigeria. A scoping review mapped studies published between January 2022 and October 2026. Searches were conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, academic journal platforms and open-access repositories. Of 89 records retrieved, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed thematically. Six communication categories were identified: traditional mass media; interactive and entertainment-based media; digital and mobile communication; interpersonal communication and counselling; community-based and participatory communication; and multimodal campaigns. Five outcome themes emerged: awareness and knowledge, reproductive agency and interpersonal negotiation, contraceptive intentions and method preferences, service utilisation and uptake, and constraints affecting sustained outcomes. Findings suggest that mass media and digital platforms facilitate information exposure, while interpersonal communication, counselling and community engagement shape reproductive decision-making. Service-linked communication may also encourage information-seeking and contraceptive uptake. However, increased awareness and intentions do not necessarily translate into contraceptive adoption or sustained use. Evidence strength varies across study designs and outcome measures. The review recommends integrated communication strategies combining mass and digital media with culturally responsive interpersonal and community-based approaches, supported by accessible family planning services. Future research should prioritise longitudinal and intervention-based designs to establish channel-specific effects on contraceptive uptake and continued use.
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