Digital News Exposure and Youths' Perceptions of Mainstream Media Credibility in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examined digital news consumption and how youths in Jalingo Metropolis, Taraba State, Nigeria reconfigure their trust in mainstream media. Guided by Media Trust Theory, it used a qualitative descriptive design and conducted 20 Key Informant Interviews and four Focus Group Discussions with digitally active youths from January to April 2026. Data were analysed thematically and textually. The study found that digital news exposure is part of youths’ everyday media practices. This happens through intentional searches, incidental encounters, peer circulation, and routine engagement across Facebook, WhatsApp, X, TikTok, Instagram, YouTube, and digital newspapers. Digital platforms are recognized for their speed, accessibility, and responsiveness. In contrast, mainstream media offer strengths in verification, accuracy, professionalism, comprehensive reporting, and institutional accountability. However, political influence, selective reporting, and delayed coverage generate scepticism. The study concludes that digitalisation has reconfigured rather than displaced trust in mainstream media, producing a conditional, functionspecific, comparative, and dynamically negotiated pattern of confidence
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Agbeyangi, A., Makinde, A., & Odun-Ayo, I. (2024). Nigeria's ICT and economic sustainability in the digital age. arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.03996.
Ahlers, D. (2006). News consumption and the new electronic media. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 11(1), 29-52.
Ahmad, S. A., Abdulrauf, I. A., & Joseph, A. B. (2024). Citizen journalism and news objectivity: Issues, challenges and solutions. Journal of Language, Literature, Social and Cultural Studies, 2(3), 160-169.
Akerele, O. E., & Azeez, A. L. (2026). Engagement with Mainstream Media Political News on Facebook Among Youth in Nigeria. Society, 1-17. DOI:10.1007/s12115-026-01229-6
Akinfemisoye, M. O. (2013). Challenging hegemonic media practices: Of ‘alternative’ media and Nigeria's democracy. Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies, 34(1), 7-20.
Akinfemisoye, M. O. (2014). Negotiating convergence: “Alternative” journalism and institutional practices of Nigerian journalists. Digital Journalism, 2(1), 62-76.
Apejoye, A., & Mutsvairo, B. (2024). Nigeria: A dynamic media space in Africa. Media Compass: A Companion to International Media Landscapes, 444-452. [https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394196272.ch42](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394196272.ch42?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Apuke, O. D., & Omar, B. (2020). Newspaper readership pattern among Nigerian university students: Perspectives from mass communication students. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 3950. [https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3950](https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/3950?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Apuke, O. D., Omar, B., & Tunca, E. A. (2023). Literacy concepts as an intervention strategy for improving fake news knowledge, detection skills, and curtailing the tendency to share fake news in Nigeria. Child & Youth Services, 44(1), 88-103.
Apuke, O. D., Ugondo, P. I., & Lingbuin, G. J. (2025). Utilisation of social media for climate change adaptation and mitigation in Taraba State, Nigeria. TSU Journal of Communication and Media Studies, 5(1), 219–237.
Asaju, K., & Munya, P. (2024). Digital democracy and elections in Nigeria: An assessment of the 2023 governorship election in Taraba State. Futurity of Social Sciences, 2(4), 4-23.
Asicus, S. (2026). Examining Jalingo Residents’ Perception of Social Media Campaign for Health Communication by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control on COVID-19. World Scientific News, 211, 274-297.
Ayih, L. J., Asemah, E. S., & Daniel, E. O. (2026). Newspaper Coverage and Readers’ Perceptions of Human Rights Violations in North-East Nigeria (2010-2020). International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research, 3(4), 342-357.
Ayobolu, Y. O. (2024). An assessment of online newspaper readership among residents of Apata, Ibadan, Nigeria. Àgídìgbo: ABUAD Journal of the Humanities, 12(2), 661-680.
Azeez, A. L., Akerele, O. E., Adeniyi, A., & Ibrahim, R. (2025). Media convergence on androids and journalistic practice: A study of the use of channels television mobile application among professionals in Lagos. Sustainable Futures, 10, 100816. DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100816
Azeez, A., Olaleye, O., Opeyeoluwa, R. O., Dogi, I. G., Fatokun, O. S., Adebumiti, O. H., & Idowu, O. A. (2026). Social Media, Misinformation and Electoral Behaviour: Urban Rural Youth Dynamics in Nigeria’s 2023 General Elections. African Renaissance, 23(2), 389.
Barnidge, M. (2023). Incidental exposure and news engagement: Testing temporal order and the role of political interest. Digital Journalism, 11(1), 125-143.
Battocchio, A. F., Wells, C., Vraga, E., Thorson, K., Edgerly, S., & Bode, L. (2023). Gen Z's civic engagement: News use, politics, and cultural engagement. In Handbook of digital politics (pp. 168-195). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Benjamin, J. V. (2025). Social Media’s Live News Updates and Modern Journalism: A Comparative Study of Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Jalingo. IMSU Journal of Communication Studies, 9(1), 358-366.
Bosah, G. A. (2018). Digital media: changes in the news production and journalistic practices in Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation, University of Leicester).
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Casero-Ripollés, A. (2012). Beyond newspapers: News consumption among young people in the digital era. Comunicar, 20(39), 151-158.
Fawzi, N., & Steindl, N. (2026). Why and when do media trust and political trust go hand in hand? A review of four explanations for the media–politics trust nexus. Annals of the International Communication Association, 50(2), 143-156.
Fawzi, N., Steindl, N., Obermaier, M., Prochazka, F., Arlt, D., Blöbaum, B., ... & Ziegele, M. (2021). Concepts, causes and consequences of trust in news media–a literature review and framework. Annals of the international communication association, 45(2), 154-174.
Fawzi, N., Strömbäck, J., & Tsfati, Y. (2026). Mainstream News Media Trust: Antecedents, Consequences, and Remedies (p. 254). Taylor & Francis.
Fisher, C. (2016). The trouble with ‘trust’in news media. Communication Research and Practice, 2(4), 451-465.
Fisher, C., McGuinness, K., Park, S., & Lee, J. Y. (2024). Younger audience perceptions of journalists on social media. australian journalism review, 46(1), 33-52.
Gana, S., Ekhareafo, D., & Asemah, E. (2025). Access and Utilization of Social Media-Based Agricultural Extension Information among Youth Farmers in Taraba State, Nigeria. Taraba State University Journal of Communication and Media studies, 5(1), 250-263.
Garba, M. J., & Wanapia, N. I. (2015). The Implications of Western Television Programmes on Cultural Values of Nigerian Students: A Study of Taraba State University Students. Taraba Journal of Political Science and International Relations 2, (1&2), 181-195.
Gil, O., Freitas, C., Pascoinho, J., Paulo, E., Martins, R., Gonçalves, S., ... & Macedo, T. (2025). Credible and non-credible sources of information: students' perception of their skills. International Journal of Education Economics and Development, 16(1-2), 52-61.
Gomba, M. S., Nsereka, B. G., & Itieke-Idamieba, H. (2025). Mobile Journalism and News Consumption Patterns in Rivers and Bayelsa States, Nigeria. International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research, 3(3), 634-648.
Imoka, C. (2023). Digital media, popular culture and social activism amongst urban youth in Nigeria. Critical African Studies, 15(2), 134-148.
Isa, J. G., Asicus, S., & Obong, U. A. (2025). Imperatives of Social Media in Curbing Insecurity in Taraba State: A Study of Select Semi-Urban and Rural Areas in Taraba State, Nigeria. Journal of Mass Communication Department, Dept of Mass Communication, University of Karachi, 33.
Katu, N. N. (2016). Media, Conflict Audiences and the Dynamics of Information Dissemination in Plateau State, Nigeria: Is the Tail Wagging the Dog? (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University).
Kohring, M., & Matthes, J. (2007). Trust in news media: Development and validation of a multidimensional scale. Communication Research, 34(2), 231-252.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1988). Criteria for Assessing Naturalistic Inquiries as Reports. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (New Orleans, LA, April 5-9, 1988). [https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED297007.pdf](https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED297007.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Mande, M. A., Mustapha, L. K., Omar, B., Ahmed, I. S. Y., Udende, P., & Abdulbaqi, S. S. (2025). Incidental news exposure and political behaviour among young social media users in Nigeria. Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research., 1–22. [https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00102_1](https://doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00102_1?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Mann, R. B. (2026). Navigating digital realities: Understanding young people's engagement with social media for news, political information, and identity formation. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 69(4), e70028.
Marchi, R. (2012). With Facebook, blogs, and fake news, teens reject journalistic “objectivity”. Journal of communication inquiry, 36(3), 246-262.
Metzger, M. J., & Flanagin, A. J. (2007). Digital media, youth, and credibility (p. 212). The MIT Press.
Morgan, S. (2018). Fake news, disinformation, manipulation and online tactics to undermine democracy. Journal of cyber policy, 3(1), 39-43.
Murillo, A. (2025). Misinformation, Disinformation, and the Erosion of Institutional Trust: The Role of Social Media in Democracy (Master's thesis, Chapman University).
Obateru, T. C. (2025). Navigating Journalistic Imperative with Responsibility in Media Coverage of Security Issues in West Africa and the Sahel. In Media, Conflicts and the National Security Question: Communicating (In) security in Nigeria, West Africa and the Sahel (pp. 337-352). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Obun-Andy, M. K., Aluko, T. A., & Olajuwon, I. M. (2025). Influence of Journalism and Media on Promoting Sustainable Development in Nigeria. Journal of African Innovation and Advanced Studies. 10(2), 221-233.
Odunlami, O., & Banjo, O. A. (2025). Deepfakes and the Crisis of Trust: Public Perception of Media Authenticity in the Age of Synthetic Content. Nigerian Journal of Technical Education, 24(2), 45-59.
Ognyanova, K. (2019). The social context of media trust: A network influence model. Journal of communication, 69(5), 539-562.
Okocha, D. O., & Chigbo, M. (2024). Social Media Landscape in Africa: Mobilising and Engineering Youths for Socio-Political Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Changing Global Media Landscapes: Convergence, Fragmentation, and Polarization (pp. 179-198). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
Olise, F. P. (2021). Level of acceptance of news stories on social media platforms among youth in Nigeria. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 37(2), 210-225.
Omokhabi, A. A. (2023). Using digital technology to enhance adolescent and young adult development: An examination of implications for child welfare in Nigeria. Simulacra, 6(1), 1-16.
Oso, L. (2013). Media and democracy in Nigeria: A critique of liberal perspective. New Media and Mass Communication, 10(1), 13-22.
Oyero, O. (2013). The use and believability of social networks news among Nigerian youths. Covenant Journal of Communication, 1(1). Retrieved from [https://journals.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/cjoc/article/view/7](https://journals.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/cjoc/article/view/7?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Paliszkiewicz, J., & Gołuchowski, J. (2025). The role of trust in media and the economy: Future directions. In Trust, media and the economy (pp. 3-14). Routledge.
Patton, C., Sawicki, D., & Clark, J. (2015). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning. Routledge.
Pavlik, J. V. (Ed.). (2024). Milestones in Digital Journalism. London: Routledge.
Peters, C., Schrøder, K. C., Lehaff, J., & Vulpius, J. (2022). News as they know it: Young adults’ information repertoires in the digital media landscape. Digital Journalism, 10(1), 62-86.
Podara, A., Matsiola, M., Maniou, T. A., & Kalliris, G. (2019). News usage patterns of young adults in the era of Interactive Journalism. Strategy & Development Review, 9, 61.
Poth, C. N. (2018). Innovation in mixed methods research: A practical guide to integrative thinking with complexity. SAGE Publications Ltd.
Salaudeen, M. A., & Onyechi, N. (2020). Digital media vs mainstream media: Exploring the influences of media exposure and information preference as correlates of media credibility. Cogent arts & humanities, 7(1), 1837461.
Strömbäck, J., Tsfati, Y., Boomgaarden, H., Damstra, A., Lindgren, E., Vliegenthart, R., & Lindholm, T. (2020). News media trust and its impact on media use: Toward a framework for future research. Annals of the International Communication Association, 44(2), 139-156.
Suntai, D. I., & Targema, T. S. (2017). New media and democracy in Nigeria: an appraisal of the opportunities and threats in the terrain. Brazilian journal of african studies, 2(4), 198-209.
Tisdell, E. J., Merriam, S. B., & Stuckey-Peyrot, H. L. (2025). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
Umeh, K. C., Ihejirika, W., & Ihechu, I. P. (2025). Popularity of Social Media Platforms and Youth Preference of Digital Tools for Human Capital Development in South-East Nigeria. International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research, 3(2), 289-303.
Umoh, E. (2025). Social Media as a Catalyst for Democratization and Good Governance in Nigeria. Social Media as a Catalyst for Democratization and Good Governance in Nigeria. [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=5364613](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=5364613&utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Uzuegbunam, C. E. (2015). Young people’s engagement of social media for social transformation: Study of Nigerian university students. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 5, 171-194.
Wee, V. (2017). Youth audiences and the media in the digital era: The intensification of multimedia engagement and interaction. Cinema Journal, 57(1), 133-139.
Westlund, O. (2015). News consumption in an age of mobile media: Patterns, people, place, and participation. Mobile media & communication, 3(2), 151-159.
Yusnaini, Y., Nufus, H., Saleh, R., & Wibowo, W. A. S. (2025). The digital era and the evolution of media paradigms: A critical review of the adaptation of old media in new media ecosystems. Society, 13(1), 573-599.
Zhang, V. N., Vlachokyriakos, V., Johnson, I., & Durrant, A. (2026). Understanding and responding to complex online harms: misinformation, fake news, and young adults. Frontiers in Computer Science, 8, 1655186.